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	<title>Comments on: The Unintelligent Designs of George Bush</title>
	<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/</link>
	<description>Blogging politics, culture, sociology and life from Brisvegas</description>
	<pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2009 10:13:59 +0000</pubDate>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=2.3.3</generator>
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		<title>By: Mark</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18523</link>
		<dc:creator>Mark</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Aug 2005 15:00:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18523</guid>
		<description>Popper embedded secret keys to the Merovigingian lineage in his text. Just saying... a true Leonardo!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Popper embedded secret keys to the Merovigingian lineage in his text. Just saying&#8230; a true Leonardo!</p>
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		<title>By: Rob</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18434</link>
		<dc:creator>Rob</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Aug 2005 13:21:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18434</guid>
		<description>fyodor, didn't Voltaire also say 'No man can understand why any woman would want to sleep with anyone other than himself'?  Let the cat out of the bag there, the bastard. Secret men's business.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>fyodor, didn&#8217;t Voltaire also say &#8216;No man can understand why any woman would want to sleep with anyone other than himself&#8217;?  Let the cat out of the bag there, the bastard. Secret men&#8217;s business.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18430</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Aug 2005 12:38:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18430</guid>
		<description>Worse than I thought per 

http://www.malcomlagauche.com

"Many schools have taken basic science (biology, chemistry, etc.) out of the curriculum because of fear of future lawsuits from creationists and intelligent designists. Millions of kids in the U.S. today can not tell you what oxygen is or its function, or hydrogen or carbon. The Dark Ages are making a comeback."</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Worse than I thought per </p>
<p><a href="http://www.malcomlagauche.com" rel="nofollow">http://www.malcomlagauche.com</a></p>
<p>&#8220;Many schools have taken basic science (biology, chemistry, etc.) out of the curriculum because of fear of future lawsuits from creationists and intelligent designists. Millions of kids in the U.S. today can not tell you what oxygen is or its function, or hydrogen or carbon. The Dark Ages are making a comeback.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>By: Irant</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18372</link>
		<dc:creator>Irant</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Aug 2005 04:09:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18372</guid>
		<description>Tony, 

I reckon you need the &lt;a href="http://philbio.typepad.com/philosophy_of_biology/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Philosophy of Biology &lt;/a&gt; blog. Best of both worlds.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Tony, </p>
<p>I reckon you need the <a href="http://philbio.typepad.com/philosophy_of_biology/" rel="nofollow">Philosophy of Biology </a> blog. Best of both worlds.</p>
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		<title>By: Tony</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18347</link>
		<dc:creator>Tony</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 23:32:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18347</guid>
		<description>Evolution vs creationism debates have always seemed to me to be almost the definition of pointless.   They inevitably end up (as they seem to have done above) as a mish-mash of broad philosophical statements and detailed biology or other life sciences.   The philosophers don't care about the biology, and the biologists don't understand the philosophy - and I can't make head or tail of either.

But &lt;a href="http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18226" rel="nofollow"&gt;Mark's comment&lt;/a&gt; was a little gem.   I knew we kept you around here for something, coach (oops, done it again - sorry).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Evolution vs creationism debates have always seemed to me to be almost the definition of pointless.   They inevitably end up (as they seem to have done above) as a mish-mash of broad philosophical statements and detailed biology or other life sciences.   The philosophers don&#8217;t care about the biology, and the biologists don&#8217;t understand the philosophy - and I can&#8217;t make head or tail of either.</p>
<p>But <a href="http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18226" rel="nofollow">Mark&#8217;s comment</a> was a little gem.   I knew we kept you around here for something, coach (oops, done it again - sorry).</p>
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		<title>By: Rob</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18342</link>
		<dc:creator>Rob</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 10:54:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18342</guid>
		<description>&lt;i&gt;Rob. You‚Äôre just being argumentative. In one thread ...And then you come here and say, mildly, 'well, why not teach...&lt;/i&gt;

I've missed most of this debate unfortunately but that's not really what I meant, Kate. I meant that &lt;b&gt;I&lt;/b&gt; found the concept quite interesting and worth exploring, at a personal level. Which I do. I expressed myself badly (which I do).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><i>Rob. You‚Äôre just being argumentative. In one thread &#8230;And then you come here and say, mildly, &#8216;well, why not teach&#8230;</i></p>
<p>I&#8217;ve missed most of this debate unfortunately but that&#8217;s not really what I meant, Kate. I meant that <b>I</b> found the concept quite interesting and worth exploring, at a personal level. Which I do. I expressed myself badly (which I do).</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18333</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 07:30:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18333</guid>
		<description>Agreed Andrew on the 'part company' when creationists say that a supreme being 'breathed" a soul into what was/became human.

As I said above, the ID people are partly, semantically correct in saying there was an "intelligent design" but it was a  'natural selection' default design that saw us win out for example over the neanderthals which, if they had a 2-3% higher birth rate would most probably be with us (or already interbred with us) today. 

(Please lets not argue if neanderthals had a soul!)

To get to this point, it should make creationists (Mark's Aquinas variety) and non-believer evolutionists both happy. To the extent that cretinous US leaders want to use ID to oppose evol. theory, they have both a scientific and theological problem, ie dumbing down. 

They never heard the saying " God works in mysterious ways his wonders to perform"?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Agreed Andrew on the &#8216;part company&#8217; when creationists say that a supreme being &#8216;breathed&#8221; a soul into what was/became human.</p>
<p>As I said above, the ID people are partly, semantically correct in saying there was an &#8220;intelligent design&#8221; but it was a  &#8216;natural selection&#8217; default design that saw us win out for example over the neanderthals which, if they had a 2-3% higher birth rate would most probably be with us (or already interbred with us) today. </p>
<p>(Please lets not argue if neanderthals had a soul!)</p>
<p>To get to this point, it should make creationists (Mark&#8217;s Aquinas variety) and non-believer evolutionists both happy. To the extent that cretinous US leaders want to use ID to oppose evol. theory, they have both a scientific and theological problem, ie dumbing down. </p>
<p>They never heard the saying &#8221; God works in mysterious ways his wonders to perform&#8221;?</p>
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		<title>By: Andrew Frazer</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18332</link>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Frazer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 06:57:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18332</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;That an almighty being set in motion a system and dynamic (which we call evolutionary), that 'made our world‚Äô of living things is not explicitly denied by evolutionary theory. Its not such a difficult concept to see that creationist beliefs (I‚Äôm not talking about literal 7 days biblical stuff) and evolutionary theory are not necessarily mutually exclusive.&lt;/blockquote&gt;

I reckon that evolution and creationism have to part ways when we start talking about humanity. From an evolutionary perspective mankind is just a random accident, an interesting side effect of billions of years of evolution. 

But from a creationist perspective humanity is special. We're here, created in god's image, blessed with a soul and so on. If evolution was a mechanism set in motion by god, then it was so that mankind would ineleuctably be produced. But if you accept that, then how far away are you then from some sort of ID? with the dead hand of the creator "steering" evolution in the desired direction.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>That an almighty being set in motion a system and dynamic (which we call evolutionary), that &#8216;made our world‚Äô of living things is not explicitly denied by evolutionary theory. Its not such a difficult concept to see that creationist beliefs (I‚Äôm not talking about literal 7 days biblical stuff) and evolutionary theory are not necessarily mutually exclusive.</p></blockquote>
<p>I reckon that evolution and creationism have to part ways when we start talking about humanity. From an evolutionary perspective mankind is just a random accident, an interesting side effect of billions of years of evolution. </p>
<p>But from a creationist perspective humanity is special. We&#8217;re here, created in god&#8217;s image, blessed with a soul and so on. If evolution was a mechanism set in motion by god, then it was so that mankind would ineleuctably be produced. But if you accept that, then how far away are you then from some sort of ID? with the dead hand of the creator &#8220;steering&#8221; evolution in the desired direction.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18330</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 06:31:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18330</guid>
		<description>Homer:
Creationism varies from person to person. Evolutionary theory mellows but retains its essential character as  a scientific theory that best explains the fossil record and a lot of other stuff. Try what Mark said above re Aquinas, that's the theological approach, and I agree with it, despite my agnostic beliefs.  

You seem have conceptual difficulties, and you haven't answered the natural selection bit yet, for example do you deny that natural selection is an essential part of evolutionary theory? If you do, there's not much point continuing.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Homer:<br />
Creationism varies from person to person. Evolutionary theory mellows but retains its essential character as  a scientific theory that best explains the fossil record and a lot of other stuff. Try what Mark said above re Aquinas, that&#8217;s the theological approach, and I agree with it, despite my agnostic beliefs.  </p>
<p>You seem have conceptual difficulties, and you haven&#8217;t answered the natural selection bit yet, for example do you deny that natural selection is an essential part of evolutionary theory? If you do, there&#8217;s not much point continuing.</p>
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		<title>By: Homer Paxton</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18328</link>
		<dc:creator>Homer Paxton</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 06:03:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18328</guid>
		<description>Peter you and I are at odds what evolution and creationism is.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Peter you and I are at odds what evolution and creationism is.</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18327</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 05:59:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18327</guid>
		<description>"Evolutionary theory most certainly does deny creationsim and so it should."

Homer, that is an untenable statement. That an almighty being set in motion a system and dynamic (which we call evolutionary),  that 'made our world' of living things is not explicitly denied by evolutionary theory. Its not such a difficult concept to see that creationist beliefs (I'm not talking about literal 7 days biblical stuff) and evolutionary theory are not necessarily mutually exclusive.   

Some that use evolutionary theory to deny creationism are trying to use science to disprove a supreme being, that's not possible. Some use creationism as proof that evolutionary theory is bunkum, that's irrational.

Liam:
 The solution to what was meant to be one of several simultaneous equations actually has its simple solution as "truth". x and y must both = zero.The difficulty in arriving at that solution of truth is my point, equiv, to evol. theory,  and should not be cast away because of difficulty in understanding and lack of theological mention. 

Most people in my experience who bitterly oppose evol theory, don't understand its basic concepts fully.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;Evolutionary theory most certainly does deny creationsim and so it should.&#8221;</p>
<p>Homer, that is an untenable statement. That an almighty being set in motion a system and dynamic (which we call evolutionary),  that &#8216;made our world&#8217; of living things is not explicitly denied by evolutionary theory. Its not such a difficult concept to see that creationist beliefs (I&#8217;m not talking about literal 7 days biblical stuff) and evolutionary theory are not necessarily mutually exclusive.   </p>
<p>Some that use evolutionary theory to deny creationism are trying to use science to disprove a supreme being, that&#8217;s not possible. Some use creationism as proof that evolutionary theory is bunkum, that&#8217;s irrational.</p>
<p>Liam:<br />
 The solution to what was meant to be one of several simultaneous equations actually has its simple solution as &#8220;truth&#8221;. x and y must both = zero.The difficulty in arriving at that solution of truth is my point, equiv, to evol. theory,  and should not be cast away because of difficulty in understanding and lack of theological mention. </p>
<p>Most people in my experience who bitterly oppose evol theory, don&#8217;t understand its basic concepts fully.</p>
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		<title>By: Mindy</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18323</link>
		<dc:creator>Mindy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:57:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18323</guid>
		<description>Peter - I could have expressed myself more clearly. What I meant was that students should be exposed to all sides of the debate before choosing the side they want to be on. For any number of reasons a person may choose to believe in evolution/ID/creationism despite what others consider to be good evidence against it. 

I have tried and failed to convince my mother's husband that the world is more than 5000 years old. I found the easiest way was not to go down the path of discussing it, and not to watch documentaries with him because it gets really annoying when he keeps chiming in, saying that it can't be millions of years old because the world is only 5000 years old. 

*takes a deep breath and prepares to be slapped down* IMHO scientists who 'become' christian after studying the universe etc is just a symptom of hubris. It's like, 'I can't understand it, therefore it must be the creation of a higher power because if it was science then I would be able to understand what is going on'. It's a get out of jail free card for not having the scientific knowhow to find out every little detail about life. Get over it.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Peter - I could have expressed myself more clearly. What I meant was that students should be exposed to all sides of the debate before choosing the side they want to be on. For any number of reasons a person may choose to believe in evolution/ID/creationism despite what others consider to be good evidence against it. </p>
<p>I have tried and failed to convince my mother&#8217;s husband that the world is more than 5000 years old. I found the easiest way was not to go down the path of discussing it, and not to watch documentaries with him because it gets really annoying when he keeps chiming in, saying that it can&#8217;t be millions of years old because the world is only 5000 years old. </p>
<p>*takes a deep breath and prepares to be slapped down* IMHO scientists who &#8216;become&#8217; christian after studying the universe etc is just a symptom of hubris. It&#8217;s like, &#8216;I can&#8217;t understand it, therefore it must be the creation of a higher power because if it was science then I would be able to understand what is going on&#8217;. It&#8217;s a get out of jail free card for not having the scientific knowhow to find out every little detail about life. Get over it.</p>
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		<title>By: Irant</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18322</link>
		<dc:creator>Irant</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:56:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18322</guid>
		<description>Ahem. Popper.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ahem. Popper.</p>
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		<title>By: Homer Paxton</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18320</link>
		<dc:creator>Homer Paxton</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:52:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18320</guid>
		<description>Steve,

I did my reading in mid 80's.
I am afraaid I didn't come across much of his stuff.
Hard to appreciate how much harder it was in those pre-WWW days not just to research articles but to locate journals, books etal.
It took a hellva long time however I was single!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Steve,</p>
<p>I did my reading in mid 80&#8217;s.<br />
I am afraaid I didn&#8217;t come across much of his stuff.<br />
Hard to appreciate how much harder it was in those pre-WWW days not just to research articles but to locate journals, books etal.<br />
It took a hellva long time however I was single!</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18319</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:47:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18319</guid>
		<description>Back to that soon Liam--duty calls.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Back to that soon Liam&#8211;duty calls.</p>
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		<title>By: Homer Paxton</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18318</link>
		<dc:creator>Homer Paxton</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:46:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18318</guid>
		<description>Luke, 
I would agree he is a most inadequate member of the christian faith but the we all are.

Peter 
 Evolutionary theory does not inherently deny creationism but many creationists and I believe most ID people explicitly deny evolutionary theory

appears to contradict what you wrote earlier.

Evolutionary theory most certainly does deny creationsim and so it should.

It doesn't with regard to ID. I am wondering how ID people got into the equation.
Does ID deny evolution. No it doesn't.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Luke,<br />
I would agree he is a most inadequate member of the christian faith but the we all are.</p>
<p>Peter<br />
 Evolutionary theory does not inherently deny creationism but many creationists and I believe most ID people explicitly deny evolutionary theory</p>
<p>appears to contradict what you wrote earlier.</p>
<p>Evolutionary theory most certainly does deny creationsim and so it should.</p>
<p>It doesn&#8217;t with regard to ID. I am wondering how ID people got into the equation.<br />
Does ID deny evolution. No it doesn&#8217;t.</p>
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		<title>By: Irant</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18316</link>
		<dc:creator>Irant</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:45:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18316</guid>
		<description>Luke, 

I am not too worried by Howard....yet. There was the Compass episode prior to the last election where all the leaders were open about their religious views. John Anderson worried me far more that Howard. But he has gone.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Luke, </p>
<p>I am not too worried by Howard&#8230;.yet. There was the Compass episode prior to the last election where all the leaders were open about their religious views. John Anderson worried me far more that Howard. But he has gone.</p>
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		<title>By: liam hogan</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18315</link>
		<dc:creator>liam hogan</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:42:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18315</guid>
		<description>&lt;blockquote&gt;In science, x squared by y squared = 0 cannot be thrown in the rubbish bin as an untruth&lt;/blockquote&gt;
Now, I never did much good at maths, but I don't remember that as being either inherently true or untrue.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>In science, x squared by y squared = 0 cannot be thrown in the rubbish bin as an untruth</p></blockquote>
<p>Now, I never did much good at maths, but I don&#8217;t remember that as being either inherently true or untrue.</p>
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		<title>By: Steve Edney</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18314</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Edney</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:41:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18314</guid>
		<description>Homer, 

There is good reason to believe that speciation can occur rapidly at times, although the fossil record is incomplete which makes it difficult to be sure. 
Also the definition of rapid is still pretty slow in this context, rapid change occurs over millions of years rather that 100s of millions.

If evolution has proceeded in bursts this does fall outside the classical darwinian condition of gradual change, but not outside of natural selection or indeed the idea of occasional random mutations causing variation. 

There are a number of possibilities; exogenous shocks - meteor strike or other rapid global climatic change, or possibly just due to the nature of a marginally stable complex system producing bursty behaviour. A series of rapid extinctions creating a new set of possibilities for expansion into evolutionary niches. 

Unfortunately in Darwins day it was difficult to explain how sudden bursty behaviour could be explained in terms of rules which locally seemed to imply otherwise and would invite the declaration of divine intervention. Now we have any number of models to suggest that bursty behaviour could easily be explained with the basic mechanism of evolution.

ps. Gould has been talking punctuated equilibrium since 1972, how old is your reading?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Homer, </p>
<p>There is good reason to believe that speciation can occur rapidly at times, although the fossil record is incomplete which makes it difficult to be sure.<br />
Also the definition of rapid is still pretty slow in this context, rapid change occurs over millions of years rather that 100s of millions.</p>
<p>If evolution has proceeded in bursts this does fall outside the classical darwinian condition of gradual change, but not outside of natural selection or indeed the idea of occasional random mutations causing variation. </p>
<p>There are a number of possibilities; exogenous shocks - meteor strike or other rapid global climatic change, or possibly just due to the nature of a marginally stable complex system producing bursty behaviour. A series of rapid extinctions creating a new set of possibilities for expansion into evolutionary niches. </p>
<p>Unfortunately in Darwins day it was difficult to explain how sudden bursty behaviour could be explained in terms of rules which locally seemed to imply otherwise and would invite the declaration of divine intervention. Now we have any number of models to suggest that bursty behaviour could easily be explained with the basic mechanism of evolution.</p>
<p>ps. Gould has been talking punctuated equilibrium since 1972, how old is your reading?</p>
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		<title>By: Peter Kemp</title>
		<link>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18313</link>
		<dc:creator>Peter Kemp</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 05 Aug 2005 04:36:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid>http://larvatusprodeo.net/2005/08/04/the-unintelligent-designs-of-george-bush/#comment-18313</guid>
		<description>Mindy, you were doing OK until the ''making up of minds'' bit. The only way   creationism should be taught is if it does not impose an either/or validity when theology and reason can and should be compatible. A scientific fact cannot be equated with a faith based "making up of minds." In science, x squared by y squared = 0 cannot be thrown in the rubbish bin as an untruth because that formula is absent from religious dogma or whatever religious text. 

. Evolutionary theory does not inherently deny creationism but many creationists and I believe most ID people explicitly deny evolutionary theory.

Its not a matter of making up one's mind on science as against a religiously held belief, you either believe science or mathematic's exquisite sometimes nuanced difficult to comprehend proofs or you believe in alchemy/witchcraft.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mindy, you were doing OK until the &#8221;making up of minds&#8221; bit. The only way   creationism should be taught is if it does not impose an either/or validity when theology and reason can and should be compatible. A scientific fact cannot be equated with a faith based &#8220;making up of minds.&#8221; In science, x squared by y squared = 0 cannot be thrown in the rubbish bin as an untruth because that formula is absent from religious dogma or whatever religious text. </p>
<p>. Evolutionary theory does not inherently deny creationism but many creationists and I believe most ID people explicitly deny evolutionary theory.</p>
<p>Its not a matter of making up one&#8217;s mind on science as against a religiously held belief, you either believe science or mathematic&#8217;s exquisite sometimes nuanced difficult to comprehend proofs or you believe in alchemy/witchcraft.</p>
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